How legal is the Legacy of Israel? (301)
3. THE 181 RESOLUTION BY UN
In this matter, first I will only copy the relevant Wiki articles in short (means without foot-notes, which, however, are very interesting to read):
“Prior to the final vote, when countries indicated their voting intentions, it was evident that the required majority was not available. The vote would have been: for 30, against 16, abstaining 10 - one short of a two-thirds majority. Both sides put pressure on member countries to vote for or against the partition.”
“President Truman later noted, "The facts were that not only were there pressure movements around the United Nations unlike anything that had been seen there before, but that the White House, too, was subjected to a constant barrage. I do not think I ever had as much pressure and propaganda aimed at the White House as I had in this instance. The persistence of a few of the extreme Zionist leaders — actuated by political motives and engaging in political threats — disturbed and annoyed me."
“Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru spoke with anger and contempt for the way the UN vote had been lined up. He said the Zionists had tried to bribe India with millions and at the same time his sister, Vijayalalshmi Pandit, had received daily warnings that her life was in danger unless "she voted right". Three countries — Haiti, Liberia, the Philippines — were persuaded to change their positions, which enabled the required majority to be reached.”
It is given that most UN countries have questioned about the legacy of the Balfour-Declaration as a base for a vote.
It is also given, that before that, both, the Zionist- and the Arab- League refused the partition plan of the British, wherein a Jewish state would consist of about 15% of the land of Palestina, given that Palestina Protectorate consisted to more than 95% of different Arab ethnics.
It’s also given, that the Arabs became worried about the increasing illegal immigration of Jews before, during and after WWII. However, the new partition plan which finally broke through the UN, foreseen some 60% of former Palestine Protectorate to be the new Jewish State, with boarders that necessarily would lead to a mass exodus of Arabs.
MY OWN QUOTE CONSISTS ONLY OF SOME VERY SPEZIFIC QUESTIONS:
- Can a Quen’s consent of a - however strong country that time - but 93 years ago now, be the legal and undouptfull base for votes in international institutions?
- Is a “national home” equal with a souvereign State ?
- Why did British encourage the Arab league to not agree even with the first, moderate partition plan, while the Palestinian league did agree?
- What were (and are) the “Jewish Zionist aspirations” exactly?
- What influence has the Rothshield Imperium in the UN and IMF today?
- UN is still a paper tiger due to its constitution, most country just have to obey. So why do many people in here think to kick out this “useless monster which only cost”, and not thinking about restructuring the monster? Do we have another pot for building worlwide opinions and taking common decisions? Is it maybe the even bigger monster called “security council”?
- Does anyone in here believes that a 2-State solution will lead to a long lasting freedom in the Mideast region? This was in no way mentionted in the Balfour-Declaration, however it was boxed through the National League and UN thereafter.
In this matter, first I will only copy the relevant Wiki articles in short (means without foot-notes, which, however, are very interesting to read):
“Prior to the final vote, when countries indicated their voting intentions, it was evident that the required majority was not available. The vote would have been: for 30, against 16, abstaining 10 - one short of a two-thirds majority. Both sides put pressure on member countries to vote for or against the partition.”
“President Truman later noted, "The facts were that not only were there pressure movements around the United Nations unlike anything that had been seen there before, but that the White House, too, was subjected to a constant barrage. I do not think I ever had as much pressure and propaganda aimed at the White House as I had in this instance. The persistence of a few of the extreme Zionist leaders — actuated by political motives and engaging in political threats — disturbed and annoyed me."
“Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru spoke with anger and contempt for the way the UN vote had been lined up. He said the Zionists had tried to bribe India with millions and at the same time his sister, Vijayalalshmi Pandit, had received daily warnings that her life was in danger unless "she voted right". Three countries — Haiti, Liberia, the Philippines — were persuaded to change their positions, which enabled the required majority to be reached.”
It is given that most UN countries have questioned about the legacy of the Balfour-Declaration as a base for a vote.
It is also given, that before that, both, the Zionist- and the Arab- League refused the partition plan of the British, wherein a Jewish state would consist of about 15% of the land of Palestina, given that Palestina Protectorate consisted to more than 95% of different Arab ethnics.
It’s also given, that the Arabs became worried about the increasing illegal immigration of Jews before, during and after WWII. However, the new partition plan which finally broke through the UN, foreseen some 60% of former Palestine Protectorate to be the new Jewish State, with boarders that necessarily would lead to a mass exodus of Arabs.
MY OWN QUOTE CONSISTS ONLY OF SOME VERY SPEZIFIC QUESTIONS:
- Can a Quen’s consent of a - however strong country that time - but 93 years ago now, be the legal and undouptfull base for votes in international institutions?
- Is a “national home” equal with a souvereign State ?
- Why did British encourage the Arab league to not agree even with the first, moderate partition plan, while the Palestinian league did agree?
- What were (and are) the “Jewish Zionist aspirations” exactly?
- What influence has the Rothshield Imperium in the UN and IMF today?
- UN is still a paper tiger due to its constitution, most country just have to obey. So why do many people in here think to kick out this “useless monster which only cost”, and not thinking about restructuring the monster? Do we have another pot for building worlwide opinions and taking common decisions? Is it maybe the even bigger monster called “security council”?
- Does anyone in here believes that a 2-State solution will lead to a long lasting freedom in the Mideast region? This was in no way mentionted in the Balfour-Declaration, however it was boxed through the National League and UN thereafter.
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mikygr: 1. THE CRUCIAL DECISION
The Balfour Declaration of November 1917 was the first formal declaration for a “Jewish national home”, given out by the British government, with Quens consent, stating that:
"His Majesty's government view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their best endeavours to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country."
The declaration was made in a letter from Foreign Secretary Arthur James Balfour to Baron Rothschild (Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild), a leader of the British Jewish community, for transmission to the Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland, a Zionist organization. The letter reflected the position of the British Cabinet, as agreed upon in a meeting on 31 October 1917. It further stated that the declaration is a sign of "sympathy with Jewish Zionist aspirations."
Great Britain obviously had the power to solely decide about the creation of a new “national home” in Palestine, however at that time Palestine’s natives consisted to more than 95% of different Arab ethnics. However, all following political decisions basically relay on this.
2. THE BRITISH MANDATE FOR PALESTINE
This was given to the British by the League of Nations (the Precursor of the UN). It was an intergovernmental organization founded as a result of the Treaty of Versailles in 1919–1920 by the great Powers, means the prossecutors of WWI. (By the way, the Treaty of Versailles was one of the main reasons leading to WWII. President Wilson kept distance and the USA-congress voted against it, well estimating the aftereffects).
Many other countries would join the League, some of them abondened soon thereafeter. USA, Russia and most of the countries did not join the League. The reason was that the League totally depended on the Great Powers (solely providing an army and keeping to economic sanctions to enforce its resolutions when needed). Sanctions could badly hurt the League members, so they were reluctant to comply with them.
Finally, only few members voted for this mandate and in fact, the Great powers, after mutual interests agreements, gave Britain the mandate for Palestine, whereas they also agreed that the Mandatory should be responsible for putting into effect the Balfour-Declaration.
But in 1937, members of the Permanent Mandates Commission of the League had privately informed the leadership of the Jewish Agency that the Palestine Mandate could not be implemented according to the ZIONIST Agency's wishes: A Jewish state consisting of the greater Palestine (which was in no way in accordance with the Balfour-Declaration).
Faced with the prospect of remaining a minority in greater Palestine, the Jewish Agency Executive decided that partition was the only way out of the impasse.
More Nonsense!The Balfour Declaration of November 1917 was the first formal declaration for a “Jewish national home”, given out by the British government, with Quens consent, stating that:
"His Majesty's government view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their best endeavours to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country."
The declaration was made in a letter from Foreign Secretary Arthur James Balfour to Baron Rothschild (Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild), a leader of the British Jewish community, for transmission to the Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland, a Zionist organization. The letter reflected the position of the British Cabinet, as agreed upon in a meeting on 31 October 1917. It further stated that the declaration is a sign of "sympathy with Jewish Zionist aspirations."
Great Britain obviously had the power to solely decide about the creation of a new “national home” in Palestine, however at that time Palestine’s natives consisted to more than 95% of different Arab ethnics. However, all following political decisions basically relay on this.
2. THE BRITISH MANDATE FOR PALESTINE
This was given to the British by the League of Nations (the Precursor of the UN). It was an intergovernmental organization founded as a result of the Treaty of Versailles in 1919–1920 by the great Powers, means the prossecutors of WWI. (By the way, the Treaty of Versailles was one of the main reasons leading to WWII. President Wilson kept distance and the USA-congress voted against it, well estimating the aftereffects).
Many other countries would join the League, some of them abondened soon thereafeter. USA, Russia and most of the countries did not join the League. The reason was that the League totally depended on the Great Powers (solely providing an army and keeping to economic sanctions to enforce its resolutions when needed). Sanctions could badly hurt the League members, so they were reluctant to comply with them.
Finally, only few members voted for this mandate and in fact, the Great powers, after mutual interests agreements, gave Britain the mandate for Palestine, whereas they also agreed that the Mandatory should be responsible for putting into effect the Balfour-Declaration.
But in 1937, members of the Permanent Mandates Commission of the League had privately informed the leadership of the Jewish Agency that the Palestine Mandate could not be implemented according to the ZIONIST Agency's wishes: A Jewish state consisting of the greater Palestine (which was in no way in accordance with the Balfour-Declaration).
Faced with the prospect of remaining a minority in greater Palestine, the Jewish Agency Executive decided that partition was the only way out of the impasse.
Read it an weep!
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Your religious approach to this matter does not contribute to any questions put in here.
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mikygr: Your religious approach to this matter does not contribute to any questions put in here.
Proves you haven't read anything!Not surprising,though!
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mikygr: Your religious approach to this matter does not contribute to any questions put in here.
"Religious approach" ???
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Wow_Factor: "Religious approach" ???
It's a real Gas!------ This thread is Locked ------
Conrad73: It's a real Gas!
Hot air too
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Versailles,San Remo,Sevres,League Of Nations,Res.181!
Who cares about some strange Ideas of no consequences!
Who cares about some strange Ideas of no consequences!
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mikygr: 3. THE 181 RESOLUTION BY UN
In this matter, first I will only copy the relevant Wiki articles in short (means without foot-notes, which, however, are very interesting to read):
“Prior to the final vote, when countries indicated their voting intentions, it was evident that the required majority was not available. The vote would have been: for 30, against 16, abstaining 10 - one short of a two-thirds majority. Both sides put pressure on member countries to vote for or against the partition.”
“President Truman later noted, "The facts were that not only were there pressure movements around the United Nations unlike anything that had been seen there before, but that the White House, too, was subjected to a constant barrage. I do not think I ever had as much pressure and propaganda aimed at the White House as I had in this instance. The persistence of a few of the extreme Zionist leaders — actuated by political motives and engaging in political threats — disturbed and annoyed me."
“Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru spoke with anger and contempt for the way the UN vote had been lined up. He said the Zionists had tried to bribe India with millions and at the same time his sister, Vijayalalshmi Pandit, had received daily warnings that her life was in danger unless "she voted right". Three countries — Haiti, Liberia, the Philippines — were persuaded to change their positions, which enabled the required majority to be reached.”
It is given that most UN countries have questioned about the legacy of the Balfour-Declaration as a base for a vote.
It is also given, that before that, both, the Zionist- and the Arab- League refused the partition plan of the British, wherein a Jewish state would consist of about 15% of the land of Palestina, given that Palestina Protectorate consisted to more than 95% of different Arab ethnics.
It’s also given, that the Arabs became worried about the increasing illegal immigration of Jews before, during and after WWII. However, the new partition plan which finally broke through the UN, foreseen some 60% of former Palestine Protectorate to be the new Jewish State, with boarders that necessarily would lead to a mass exodus of Arabs.
OWN QUOTE CONSISTS ONLY OF SOME VERY SPEZIFIC QUESTIONS:
- Can a Quen’s consent of a - however strong country that time - but 93 years ago now, be the legal and undouptfull base for votes in international institutions?
- Is a “national home” equal with a souvereign State ?
- Why did British encourage the Arab league to not agree even with the first, moderate partition plan, while the Palestinian league did agree?
- What were (and are) the “Jewish Zionist aspirations” exactly?
- What influence has the Rothshield Imperium in the UN and IMF today?
- UN is still a paper tiger due to its constitution, most country just have to obey. So why do many people in here think to kick out this “useless monster which only cost”, and not thinking about restructuring the monster? Do we have another pot for building worlwide opinions and taking common decisions? Is it maybe the even bigger monster called “security council”?
- Does anyone in here believes that a 2-State solution will lead to a long lasting freedom in the Mideast region? This was in no way mentionted in the Balfour-Declaration, however it was boxed through the National League and UN thereafter.
In this matter, first I will only copy the relevant Wiki articles in short (means without foot-notes, which, however, are very interesting to read):
“Prior to the final vote, when countries indicated their voting intentions, it was evident that the required majority was not available. The vote would have been: for 30, against 16, abstaining 10 - one short of a two-thirds majority. Both sides put pressure on member countries to vote for or against the partition.”
“President Truman later noted, "The facts were that not only were there pressure movements around the United Nations unlike anything that had been seen there before, but that the White House, too, was subjected to a constant barrage. I do not think I ever had as much pressure and propaganda aimed at the White House as I had in this instance. The persistence of a few of the extreme Zionist leaders — actuated by political motives and engaging in political threats — disturbed and annoyed me."
“Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru spoke with anger and contempt for the way the UN vote had been lined up. He said the Zionists had tried to bribe India with millions and at the same time his sister, Vijayalalshmi Pandit, had received daily warnings that her life was in danger unless "she voted right". Three countries — Haiti, Liberia, the Philippines — were persuaded to change their positions, which enabled the required majority to be reached.”
It is given that most UN countries have questioned about the legacy of the Balfour-Declaration as a base for a vote.
It is also given, that before that, both, the Zionist- and the Arab- League refused the partition plan of the British, wherein a Jewish state would consist of about 15% of the land of Palestina, given that Palestina Protectorate consisted to more than 95% of different Arab ethnics.
It’s also given, that the Arabs became worried about the increasing illegal immigration of Jews before, during and after WWII. However, the new partition plan which finally broke through the UN, foreseen some 60% of former Palestine Protectorate to be the new Jewish State, with boarders that necessarily would lead to a mass exodus of Arabs.
OWN QUOTE CONSISTS ONLY OF SOME VERY SPEZIFIC QUESTIONS:
- Can a Quen’s consent of a - however strong country that time - but 93 years ago now, be the legal and undouptfull base for votes in international institutions?
- Is a “national home” equal with a souvereign State ?
- Why did British encourage the Arab league to not agree even with the first, moderate partition plan, while the Palestinian league did agree?
- What were (and are) the “Jewish Zionist aspirations” exactly?
- What influence has the Rothshield Imperium in the UN and IMF today?
- UN is still a paper tiger due to its constitution, most country just have to obey. So why do many people in here think to kick out this “useless monster which only cost”, and not thinking about restructuring the monster? Do we have another pot for building worlwide opinions and taking common decisions? Is it maybe the even bigger monster called “security council”?
- Does anyone in here believes that a 2-State solution will lead to a long lasting freedom in the Mideast region? This was in no way mentionted in the Balfour-Declaration, however it was boxed through the National League and UN thereafter.
interesting indeed
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At the San Remo conference, pursuant to the authority of Article 22 of its Covenant, the League of Nations assigned to France, as Mandatory trustee, the non-sovereign territory of Syria, and to Great Britain, as Mandatory trustee, the non-sovereign territory of Mesopotamia and the non-sovereign territory of Palestine. These three mandates were denominated as Class A mandates, meaning that -- pursuant to the fourth paragraph of Article 22 of the Covenant -- all of the former Turkish-occupied territories to be governed thereunder, including Mandatory Palestine, were deemed by the League of Nations to be ready for independence.
The internationally authorized trust, known as the Mandate for Palestine, was created by the League of Nations on April 24, 1920. However, the trust’s internationally authorized governing instrument, also known as the Mandate for Palestine, was not finalized and enacted by the League of Nations until July 24, 1922.
Prior to its conquest by Great Britain during World War I, the non-sovereign territory of Palestine had been occupied, with brief interruptions, by the Ottoman Empire since 1517 and, before that, by an unbroken chain of empires stretching back in History to imperial Rome which, after crushing the third and final revolt of the Jewish people against its hated Occupation in 135, had changed the Land's name from Judea, the Latin-language word for which was Iudaea, meaning Land of the Jews, to Palestine, the Latin-language word for which was Palaestina, meaning Land of the Philistines (a long-extinct Aegean people who had disappeared from History more than 700 years earlier after being extirpated by the Babylonian Empire), as part of an unabashed effort to delegitimize any further national Jewish claims to the Land. Although, as further punishment for the uprising, the Romans also massacred and expelled much of the Land's Jewish population, the remainder thereof continued to reside throughout the Land (including the areas of Galilee, Negev, Arava, Judea, Samaria, Jerusalem, Gaza and Golan Heights) under the Roman and all successive Occupations -- including that of the colonialist Islamic Arab Empire commencing in the 7th Century -- through the advent of the Mandate for Palestine.
The Mandate for Palestine (i.e., the trust) was created for the explicit purpose of reestablishing the Jewish national homeland in the biblical Land of Israel (notwithstanding the fact that the borders of Mandatory Palestine and the borders of the biblical Land of Israel were, in some places, not identical). The Preamble of the Mandate for Palestine (i.e., the trust’s governing instrument) states as its goal “... the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, it being understood that nothing should be done which might prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country ...”; and the Preamble thereof further declares that “... recognition has thereby been given to the historical connexion of the Jewish people with Palestine and to the grounds for reconstituting their national home in that country.”
The internationally authorized trust, known as the Mandate for Palestine, was created by the League of Nations on April 24, 1920. However, the trust’s internationally authorized governing instrument, also known as the Mandate for Palestine, was not finalized and enacted by the League of Nations until July 24, 1922.
Prior to its conquest by Great Britain during World War I, the non-sovereign territory of Palestine had been occupied, with brief interruptions, by the Ottoman Empire since 1517 and, before that, by an unbroken chain of empires stretching back in History to imperial Rome which, after crushing the third and final revolt of the Jewish people against its hated Occupation in 135, had changed the Land's name from Judea, the Latin-language word for which was Iudaea, meaning Land of the Jews, to Palestine, the Latin-language word for which was Palaestina, meaning Land of the Philistines (a long-extinct Aegean people who had disappeared from History more than 700 years earlier after being extirpated by the Babylonian Empire), as part of an unabashed effort to delegitimize any further national Jewish claims to the Land. Although, as further punishment for the uprising, the Romans also massacred and expelled much of the Land's Jewish population, the remainder thereof continued to reside throughout the Land (including the areas of Galilee, Negev, Arava, Judea, Samaria, Jerusalem, Gaza and Golan Heights) under the Roman and all successive Occupations -- including that of the colonialist Islamic Arab Empire commencing in the 7th Century -- through the advent of the Mandate for Palestine.
The Mandate for Palestine (i.e., the trust) was created for the explicit purpose of reestablishing the Jewish national homeland in the biblical Land of Israel (notwithstanding the fact that the borders of Mandatory Palestine and the borders of the biblical Land of Israel were, in some places, not identical). The Preamble of the Mandate for Palestine (i.e., the trust’s governing instrument) states as its goal “... the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, it being understood that nothing should be done which might prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country ...”; and the Preamble thereof further declares that “... recognition has thereby been given to the historical connexion of the Jewish people with Palestine and to the grounds for reconstituting their national home in that country.”
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The Mandate for Palestine of July 24, 1922 states, in salient part, as follows:
MANDATE FOR PALESTINE
The Council of the League of Nations:
Whereas the Principal Allied Powers have agreed, for the purpose of giving effect to the provisions of Article 22 of the Covenant of the League of Nations, to entrust to a Mandatory selected by the said Powers the administration of the territory of Palestine, which formerly belonged to the Turkish Empire, within such boundaries as may be fixed by them; and
Whereas the Principal Allied Powers have also agreed that the Mandatory should be responsible for putting into effect the declaration originally made on November 2nd, 1917, by the Government of His Britannic Majesty, and adopted by the said Powers, in favour of the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, it being clearly understood that nothing should be done which might prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country; and
Whereas recognition has thereby been given to the historical connexion of the Jewish people with Palestine and to the grounds for reconstituting their national home in that country; and
Whereas the Principal Allied Powers have selected His Britannic Majesty as the Mandatory for Palestine; and
Whereas the mandate in respect of Palestine has been formulated in the following terms and submitted to the Council of the League for approval; and
Whereas His Britannic Majesty has accepted the mandate in respect of Palestine and undertaken to exercise it on behalf of the League of Nations in conformity with the following provisions; and
Whereas by the aforementioned Article 22 (paragraph 8), it is provided that the degree of authority, control or administration to be exercised by the Mandatory, not having been previously agreed upon by the Members of the League, shall be explicitly defined by the Council of the League Of Nations;
Confirming the said Mandate, defines its terms as follows:
ARTICLE 1 The Mandatory shall have full powers of legislation and of administration, save as they may be limited by the terms of this Mandate.
ARTICLE 2 The Mandatory shall be responsible for placing the country under such political, administrative and economic conditions as will secure the establishment of the Jewish national home, as laid down in the Preamble, and the development of self-governing institutions, and also for safeguarding the civil and religious rights of all the inhabitants of Palestine, irrespective of race and religion.
ARTICLE 3 The Mandatory shall, so far as circumstances permit, encourage local autonomy.
ARTICLE 4 An appropriate Jewish agency shall be recognized as a public body for the purpose of advising and cooperating with the Administration of Palestine in such economic, social and other matters as may affect the establishment of the Jewish national home and the interests of the Jewish population in Palestine, and, subject always to the control of the Administration, to assist and take part in the development of the country.
All HERE
MANDATE FOR PALESTINE
The Council of the League of Nations:
Whereas the Principal Allied Powers have agreed, for the purpose of giving effect to the provisions of Article 22 of the Covenant of the League of Nations, to entrust to a Mandatory selected by the said Powers the administration of the territory of Palestine, which formerly belonged to the Turkish Empire, within such boundaries as may be fixed by them; and
Whereas the Principal Allied Powers have also agreed that the Mandatory should be responsible for putting into effect the declaration originally made on November 2nd, 1917, by the Government of His Britannic Majesty, and adopted by the said Powers, in favour of the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, it being clearly understood that nothing should be done which might prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country; and
Whereas recognition has thereby been given to the historical connexion of the Jewish people with Palestine and to the grounds for reconstituting their national home in that country; and
Whereas the Principal Allied Powers have selected His Britannic Majesty as the Mandatory for Palestine; and
Whereas the mandate in respect of Palestine has been formulated in the following terms and submitted to the Council of the League for approval; and
Whereas His Britannic Majesty has accepted the mandate in respect of Palestine and undertaken to exercise it on behalf of the League of Nations in conformity with the following provisions; and
Whereas by the aforementioned Article 22 (paragraph 8), it is provided that the degree of authority, control or administration to be exercised by the Mandatory, not having been previously agreed upon by the Members of the League, shall be explicitly defined by the Council of the League Of Nations;
Confirming the said Mandate, defines its terms as follows:
ARTICLE 1 The Mandatory shall have full powers of legislation and of administration, save as they may be limited by the terms of this Mandate.
ARTICLE 2 The Mandatory shall be responsible for placing the country under such political, administrative and economic conditions as will secure the establishment of the Jewish national home, as laid down in the Preamble, and the development of self-governing institutions, and also for safeguarding the civil and religious rights of all the inhabitants of Palestine, irrespective of race and religion.
ARTICLE 3 The Mandatory shall, so far as circumstances permit, encourage local autonomy.
ARTICLE 4 An appropriate Jewish agency shall be recognized as a public body for the purpose of advising and cooperating with the Administration of Palestine in such economic, social and other matters as may affect the establishment of the Jewish national home and the interests of the Jewish population in Palestine, and, subject always to the control of the Administration, to assist and take part in the development of the country.
All HERE
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Conrad73: The Mandate for Palestine (i.e., the trust) was created for the explicit purpose of reestablishing the Jewish national homeland in the biblical Land of Israel (notwithstanding the fact that the borders of Mandatory Palestine and the borders of the biblical Land of Israel were, in some places, not identical). The Preamble of the Mandate for Palestine (i.e., the trust’s governing instrument) states as its goal “...
This was never written in the Balfour-Declaration, see the exact text below:
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mikygr: This was never written in the Balfour-Declaration, see the exact text below:
Look at all the Resolutions of The league of Nations,before picking out disjointed Stuff!Regardless what you claim about the Legitimacy of Israel,it really doesn't matter!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
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DID THE UNITED NATIONS CREATE THE MODERN STATE OF ISRAEL?
United Nations General Assembly Resolution no. 181 of 1947 (commonly known as the Palestine Partition Plan) recommended the creation from all of the lands of Mandatory Palestine west of the Jordan River, representing 22% of original Mandatory Palestine, a Jewish state (comprising slightly less than 11% of the Land), an Arab state (comprising slightly less than 11% of the Land) and an internationally-administered greater Jerusalem.
It is often asserted that the modern State of Israel was created by this Resolution as a byproduct of Europe's alleged guilty conscience over its complicity in the Holocaust.
Although widely accepted as an unassailable truism, this assertion is quite false.
Israel’s juridical birth certificate is the pre-Holocaust League of Nations Mandate for Palestine of 1922 (provisionally operative from 1920) -- not the post-Holocaust United Nations Palestine Partition Plan of 1947. Moreover, the Mandate itself is explicitly based upon the earlier “historical connection of the Jewish people with Palestine and to the grounds for reconstituting their national home in that country” (Mandate for Palestine, Preamble, Paragraph 3).
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he Mandate for Palestine states, in salient part, as follows:
MANDATE FOR PALESTINE
The Council of the League of Nations:
Whereas the Principal Allied Powers have agreed, for the purpose of giving effect to the provisions of Article 22 of the Covenant of the League of Nations, to entrust to a Mandatory selected by the said Powers the administration of the territory of Palestine, which formerly belonged to the Turkish Empire, within such boundaries as may be fixed by them; and
Whereas the Principal Allied Powers have also agreed that the Mandatory should be responsible for putting into effect the declaration originally made on November 2nd, 1917, by the Government of His Britannic Majesty, and adopted by the said Powers, in favour of the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, it being clearly understood that nothing should be done which might prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country; and
Whereas recognition has thereby been given to the historical connexion of the Jewish people with Palestine and to the grounds for reconstituting their national home in that country; and
Whereas the Principal Allied Powers have selected His Britannic Majesty as the Mandatory for Palestine; and
Whereas the mandate in respect of Palestine has been formulated in the following terms and submitted to the Council of the League for approval; and
Whereas His Britannic Majesty has accepted the mandate in respect of Palestine and undertaken to exercise it on behalf of the League of Nations in conformity with the following provisions; and
Whereas by the aforementioned Article 22 (paragraph 8), it is provided that the degree of authority, control or administration to be exercised by the Mandatory, not having been previously agreed upon by the Members of the League, shall be explicitly defined by the Council of the League Of Nations;
MANDATE FOR PALESTINE
The Council of the League of Nations:
Whereas the Principal Allied Powers have agreed, for the purpose of giving effect to the provisions of Article 22 of the Covenant of the League of Nations, to entrust to a Mandatory selected by the said Powers the administration of the territory of Palestine, which formerly belonged to the Turkish Empire, within such boundaries as may be fixed by them; and
Whereas the Principal Allied Powers have also agreed that the Mandatory should be responsible for putting into effect the declaration originally made on November 2nd, 1917, by the Government of His Britannic Majesty, and adopted by the said Powers, in favour of the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, it being clearly understood that nothing should be done which might prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country; and
Whereas recognition has thereby been given to the historical connexion of the Jewish people with Palestine and to the grounds for reconstituting their national home in that country; and
Whereas the Principal Allied Powers have selected His Britannic Majesty as the Mandatory for Palestine; and
Whereas the mandate in respect of Palestine has been formulated in the following terms and submitted to the Council of the League for approval; and
Whereas His Britannic Majesty has accepted the mandate in respect of Palestine and undertaken to exercise it on behalf of the League of Nations in conformity with the following provisions; and
Whereas by the aforementioned Article 22 (paragraph 8), it is provided that the degree of authority, control or administration to be exercised by the Mandatory, not having been previously agreed upon by the Members of the League, shall be explicitly defined by the Council of the League Of Nations;
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Confirming the said Mandate, defines its terms as follows:
ARTICLE 1 The Mandatory shall have full powers of legislation and of administration, save as they may be limited by the terms of this Mandate.
ARTICLE 2 The Mandatory shall be responsible for placing the country under such political, administrative and economic conditions as will secure the establishment of the Jewish national home, as laid down in the Preamble, and the development of self-governing institutions, and also for safeguarding the civil and religious rights of all the inhabitants of Palestine, irrespective of race and religion.
ARTICLE 3 The Mandatory shall, so far as circumstances permit, encourage local autonomy.
ARTICLE 4 An appropriate Jewish agency shall be recognized as a public body for the purpose of advising and cooperating with the Administration of Palestine in such economic, social and other matters as may affect the establishment of the Jewish national home and the interests of the Jewish population in Palestine, and, subject always to the control of the Administration, to assist and take part in the development of the country.
The Zionist Organization, so long as its organization and constitution are, in the opinion of the Mandatory, appropriate, shall be recognized as such agency. It shall take steps in consultation with His Britannic Majesty's Government to secure the cooperation of all Jews who are willing to assist in the establishment of the Jewish national home.
ARTICLE 5 The Mandatory shall be responsible for seeing that no Palestine territory shall be ceded or leased to, or in any way placed under the control of, the Government of any foreign Power.
ARTICLE 6 The Administration of Palestine, while ensuring that the rights and position of other sections of the population are not prejudiced, shall facilitate Jewish immigration under suitable conditions and shall encourage, in cooperation with the Jewish agency referred to in Article 4, close settlement by Jews on the Land, including State lands and waste lands not required for public purposes.
ARTICLE 7 The Administration of Palestine shall be responsible for enacting a nationality law. There shall be included in this law provisions framed so as to facilitate the acquisition of Palestinian citizenship by Jews who take up their permanent residence in Palestine.
ARTICLE 1 The Mandatory shall have full powers of legislation and of administration, save as they may be limited by the terms of this Mandate.
ARTICLE 2 The Mandatory shall be responsible for placing the country under such political, administrative and economic conditions as will secure the establishment of the Jewish national home, as laid down in the Preamble, and the development of self-governing institutions, and also for safeguarding the civil and religious rights of all the inhabitants of Palestine, irrespective of race and religion.
ARTICLE 3 The Mandatory shall, so far as circumstances permit, encourage local autonomy.
ARTICLE 4 An appropriate Jewish agency shall be recognized as a public body for the purpose of advising and cooperating with the Administration of Palestine in such economic, social and other matters as may affect the establishment of the Jewish national home and the interests of the Jewish population in Palestine, and, subject always to the control of the Administration, to assist and take part in the development of the country.
The Zionist Organization, so long as its organization and constitution are, in the opinion of the Mandatory, appropriate, shall be recognized as such agency. It shall take steps in consultation with His Britannic Majesty's Government to secure the cooperation of all Jews who are willing to assist in the establishment of the Jewish national home.
ARTICLE 5 The Mandatory shall be responsible for seeing that no Palestine territory shall be ceded or leased to, or in any way placed under the control of, the Government of any foreign Power.
ARTICLE 6 The Administration of Palestine, while ensuring that the rights and position of other sections of the population are not prejudiced, shall facilitate Jewish immigration under suitable conditions and shall encourage, in cooperation with the Jewish agency referred to in Article 4, close settlement by Jews on the Land, including State lands and waste lands not required for public purposes.
ARTICLE 7 The Administration of Palestine shall be responsible for enacting a nationality law. There shall be included in this law provisions framed so as to facilitate the acquisition of Palestinian citizenship by Jews who take up their permanent residence in Palestine.
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However, delving deeper into the realm of Cause and Effect, it may be cogently argued that the State of Israel presently exists in the biblical Land of Israel as a Jewish nation-state within defensible borders is due only to a combination of the belligerence and impatience of the Arabs. This is because approximately 40% of the citizenry to be encompassed within Israel’s 1947 Partition Plan lines would have been Arab.
Now, let us hypothetically assume that neither the Arabs residing within the proposed “Palestinian” Jewish state, nor the Arabs residing within the proposed “Palestinian” Arab state, nor the Arabs residing within the surrounding Arab states had ever initiated a war of annihilation against the Jewish population centers of the western portion of Mandatory Palestine, but that they had instead simply acquiesced to the creation of Israel within the Partition Plan lines recommended by U.N. General Assembly Resolution no. 181.
In these circumstances, a democratic Israel hosting such a substantial law-abiding Arab electorate (which, never having warred against Israel, would have remained in place from the outset) would not have enacted the exclusionist, but morally imperative, Law of Return (which grants automatic residency and citizenship rights to any Jew in the World). For, it is this law, coupled with the exodus of some 600,000 Arab belligerents during Israel’s War of Independence, which has allowed the Jewish population of Israel to maintain, to the present time, its overwhelming demographic dominance over the extant Arab population thereof (at a historical ratio of 4:1), despite the fact that the Arab birthrate has always been, and continues to be, substantially higher than the Jewish birthrate.
Also in these circumstances, an Israel which was never invaded by the Arabs of the proposed “Palestinian” Arab state and those of the surrounding Arab states would not have fought any War of Independence, and consequently would not have expanded from its 1947 Partition Plan lines to its 1949 armistice demarcation lines -- let alone to its present post-1967 defensible borders.
Consequently, it is likely that such an Israel -- faced, at the outset, with such a pacific and patient Arab world and with such an elevated resident Arab birthrate -- would have quietly ceased to exist as a Jewish nation-state several generations ago.
Now, let us hypothetically assume that neither the Arabs residing within the proposed “Palestinian” Jewish state, nor the Arabs residing within the proposed “Palestinian” Arab state, nor the Arabs residing within the surrounding Arab states had ever initiated a war of annihilation against the Jewish population centers of the western portion of Mandatory Palestine, but that they had instead simply acquiesced to the creation of Israel within the Partition Plan lines recommended by U.N. General Assembly Resolution no. 181.
In these circumstances, a democratic Israel hosting such a substantial law-abiding Arab electorate (which, never having warred against Israel, would have remained in place from the outset) would not have enacted the exclusionist, but morally imperative, Law of Return (which grants automatic residency and citizenship rights to any Jew in the World). For, it is this law, coupled with the exodus of some 600,000 Arab belligerents during Israel’s War of Independence, which has allowed the Jewish population of Israel to maintain, to the present time, its overwhelming demographic dominance over the extant Arab population thereof (at a historical ratio of 4:1), despite the fact that the Arab birthrate has always been, and continues to be, substantially higher than the Jewish birthrate.
Also in these circumstances, an Israel which was never invaded by the Arabs of the proposed “Palestinian” Arab state and those of the surrounding Arab states would not have fought any War of Independence, and consequently would not have expanded from its 1947 Partition Plan lines to its 1949 armistice demarcation lines -- let alone to its present post-1967 defensible borders.
Consequently, it is likely that such an Israel -- faced, at the outset, with such a pacific and patient Arab world and with such an elevated resident Arab birthrate -- would have quietly ceased to exist as a Jewish nation-state several generations ago.
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That the belligerent and impatient Arabs are themselves principally responsible for the State of Israel’s present entrenchment in the biblical Land of Israel as a Jewish nation-state within defensible borders is not only ironic but -- more importantly -- also constitutes a grand historic replay of the circumstances under which the Jewish people’s forebears, under the leadership of Joshua, originally conquered the Land. As is related in the Hebrew Bible: “Joshua waged war with all of these kings for a long time. There was not a city that made peace with the Children of Israel except for the Hivvite inhabitants of Gibeon; they [the Hebrews] took everything in battle. For it was from HaShem, to harden their [the Canaanite nations'] hearts towards battle against Israel, in order to destroy them [the Canaanite nations] -- that they not find favor [with the Hebrews] -- so that they would be extirpated [by the Hebrews], as HaShem had commanded Moses.” (Joshua 11:18-20).
In sum, modern Israel may credit its legal creation to the League of Nations Mandate for Palestine, and its de facto existence to the belligerence of its enemies and the consequent resolve of the Jewish people to survive.
© Mark Rosenblit
Read it if you dare!
In sum, modern Israel may credit its legal creation to the League of Nations Mandate for Palestine, and its de facto existence to the belligerence of its enemies and the consequent resolve of the Jewish people to survive.
© Mark Rosenblit
Read it if you dare!
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The Bible says, bless Israel and you will be blessed, curse them and you will be cursed.
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Conrad73: Look at all the Resolutions of The league of Nations,before picking out disjointed Stuff!
Regardless what you claim about the Legitimacy of Israel,it really doesn't matter!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
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Regardless what you claim about the Legitimacy of Israel,it really doesn't matter!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
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My exact thread in here is about HOW it came to this Legacy and I'm not gonna talk about your religion believes, or about "regardless your stuff", look "how lucky the world should be to have voted for it". Its up to you to create another Thread with titles like that.
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The Balfour Declaration of November 1917 was the first formal declaration for a “Jewish national home”, given out by the British government, with Quens consent, stating that:
"His Majesty's government view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their best endeavours to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country."
The declaration was made in a letter from Foreign Secretary Arthur James Balfour to Baron Rothschild (Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild), a leader of the British Jewish community, for transmission to the Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland, a Zionist organization. The letter reflected the position of the British Cabinet, as agreed upon in a meeting on 31 October 1917. It further stated that the declaration is a sign of "sympathy with Jewish Zionist aspirations."
Great Britain obviously had the power to solely decide about the creation of a new “national home” in Palestine, however at that time Palestine’s natives consisted to more than 95% of different Arab ethnics. However, all following political decisions basically relay on this.
2. THE BRITISH MANDATE FOR PALESTINE
This was given to the British by the League of Nations (the Precursor of the UN). It was an intergovernmental organization founded as a result of the Treaty of Versailles in 1919–1920 by the great Powers, means the prossecutors of WWI. (By the way, the Treaty of Versailles was one of the main reasons leading to WWII. President Wilson kept distance and the USA-congress voted against it, well estimating the aftereffects).
Many other countries would join the League, some of them abondened soon thereafeter. USA, Russia and most of the countries did not join the League. The reason was that the League totally depended on the Great Powers (solely providing an army and keeping to economic sanctions to enforce its resolutions when needed). Sanctions could badly hurt the League members, so they were reluctant to comply with them.
Finally, only few members voted for this mandate and in fact, the Great powers, after mutual interests agreements, gave Britain the mandate for Palestine, whereas they also agreed that the Mandatory should be responsible for putting into effect the Balfour-Declaration.
But in 1937, members of the Permanent Mandates Commission of the League had privately informed the leadership of the Jewish Agency that the Palestine Mandate could not be implemented according to the ZIONIST Agency's wishes: A Jewish state consisting of the greater Palestine (which was in no way in accordance with the Balfour-Declaration).
Faced with the prospect of remaining a minority in greater Palestine, the Jewish Agency Executive decided that partition was the only way out of the impasse.